Introduction

• Makeup as an evolving art form.
• How beauty reflects society, politics, and fashion.
• Hook: Cleopatra’s iconic kohl → TikTok’s viral “clean girl” look.

Ancient Civilizations: Power, Ritual, and Symbolism

Egypt – Cleopatra’s Kohl & Malachite

• Black kohl eyeliner for protection + beauty.
• Green malachite & red ochre for eyes and lips.
• Fashion tie: linen gowns, gold accessories.

Greece & Rome – Purity and Status

• Pale skin, rouge from berries, oils for shine.
• Fashion tied to draped elegance.

India & China – Tradition and Spirituality

• Kajal, sindoor, rice powders.
• Link to cultural attire & rituals.

Medieval & Renaissance Beauty: Religion Meets Luxury

• Medieval: Pale, untouched skin = purity. Makeup linked to sin.
• Renaissance: Bold lips, lead-based skin whiteners, elaborate hairstyles.
• Fashion: Lace, velvet, heavy gowns.

17th–18th Century: Extravagance & Rebellion

• Powdered wigs, face patches, rouge.
• French court = theatrical makeup.
• Post-revolution backlash → “natural beauty” seen as virtuous.

19th Century: Victorian Restraint

• Makeup = taboo, associated with actresses/prostitutes.
• Natural blush and rosebud lips fashionable.
• Modest fashion reinforced subtlety.

20th Century: Decade-by-Decade Beauty Standards

1920s – The Flapper Era

• Short hair, smoky eyes, cupid-bow lips.
• Rise of mass-market cosmetics.

1950s – Glamour & Femininity

• Red lips, winged liner, flawless skin.
• Hollywood icons (Marilyn Monroe, Audrey Hepburn).

1960s – Youthquake & Mod Style

• Twiggy lashes, pastel eyeshadows.
• Fashion + makeup reflect rebellion and youth culture.

1980s – Bold, Bright, and Powerful

• Neon eyeshadow, heavy blush, big hair.
• Matches power suits & pop culture (Madonna, MTV).

1990s – Minimalism & Grunge

• Brown lipstick, thin brows, matte skin.
• Fashion: slip dresses, flannel shirts.

21st Century: The Digital Revolution

2000s – Celebrity-Driven Beauty

• Lip gloss, frosted shadows, Paris Hilton, Britney Spears.
• Fashion: denim obsession, rhinestones, “Y2K glam.”

2010s – Instagram Glam

• Contouring, bold brows, highlighter craze.
• Influencers (Huda Beauty, James Charles).

2020s – TikTok Trends & Inclusivity

• “Clean girl” aesthetic, graphic liner, Euphoria-inspired gems.
• Gender-neutral beauty, sustainable brands.
• TikTok challenges shaping global beauty.

Global Perspectives

• Indian bridal makeup.
• Japanese Geisha tradition.
• Middle Eastern kohl.
• African tribal face painting.

Conclusion

• From sacred rituals to viral TikTok hacks, makeup has always mirrored identity, fashion, and power.
• The future = inclusivity, individuality, and tech-driven beauty.

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